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KMID : 1161420130160121153
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Journal of Medicinal Food
2013 Volume.16 No. 12 p.1153 ~ p.1161
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Evaluation of In Vitro Antioxidant and In Vivo Analgesic Potential of Terminalia paniculata Aqueous Bark Extract
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Talwar Sahil
Nayak Pawan G.
Mudgal Jayesh
Paul Piya
Bansal Punit
Nandakumar Krishnadas
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Abstract
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The Terminalia genus includes plants that are used in a variety of food, nutritional products, and traditional medicines. Aqueous bark extract of Terminalia paniculata (TPW) was screened for its antioxidant and analgesic potential. The major polyphenols were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography. In vitro antioxidant potential of TPW was investigated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS2?) radical assay, nitric oxide (NO) scavenging, superoxide scavenging (O2?), Fe2+ chelating (O-phenanthroline), and ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. We evaluated the effects of TPW on cell viability, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitrite, and cytokines (interleukin [IL] 6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α]) in RAW 264.7 murine macrophages. Evaluation of analgesic activity of TPW was performed using acetic acid-induced writhing and hot plate test in mice. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of four polyphenols, namely, gallic acid, ellagic acid, rutin, and quercetin. TPW showed maximum superoxide, ABTS2?, NO, DPPH inhibition, and Fe2+-chelating property at 400?μg/mL, respectively. FRAP value was 4.5±0.25?μg Fe(II)/g. TPW, per se, did not affect RAW 264.7 cell viability. In LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells, TPW attenuated the elevation in ROS, nitrite, IL-6, and TNF-α levels. TPW (100?400?mg/kg, orally) significantly reduced the number of writhes in a dose-dependent manner compared with the control. Similarly, TPW (400?mg/kg, orally) evoked a significant increase in the maximum percentage effect in the hot plate test. The study suggests the efficacy of aqueous bark extract of T. paniculata as a potential antioxidant and analgesic agent.
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KEYWORD
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analgesic, antioxidant, aqueous bark extract, RAW 264.7 macrophages, reactive oxygen species, Terminalia paniculata
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